What characteristic of DNA ensures that it will be copied exactly?

What characteristic of DNA ensures that it will be copied exactly?

DNA can replicate itself because of the way its double strands relate to one another. The purines and pyrimidines that join the two strands pair exclusively with only one other base. This ensures that when the DNA strands separate to replicate an exact copy is created.

What is responsible for copying the DNA?

RNA polymerase
RNA polymerase is an enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence, duyring the process of transcription.

What contributes to DNA replication accuracy?

The fidelity of DNA replication is determined by many factors, here simplified as the contribution of the DNA polymerase (nucleotide selectivity and proofreading), mismatch repair, a balanced supply of nucleotides, and the condition of the DNA template (both in terms of sequence context and the presence of DNA lesions) …

How does the cell ensure that it makes an exact copy of the DNA molecule?

Replication occurs in three major steps: the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment. Finally, a special enzyme called DNA polymerase organizes the assembly of the new DNA strands.

Why is DNA duplicated well before cell division?

DNA Replication How DNA Makes Copies of Itself. Before a cell divides, its DNA is replicated (duplicated.) Because the two strands of a DNA molecule have complementary base pairs, the nucleotide sequence of each strand automatically supplies the information needed to produce its partner.

What extends the DNA chain?

DNA primase forms an RNA primer, and DNA polymerase extends the DNA strand from the RNA primer. DNA synthesis occurs only in the 5′ to 3′ direction. On the leading strand, DNA synthesis occurs continuously.

When making proteins is the whole strand of DNA copied what is copied?

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology states that DNA makes RNA makes proteins (Figure 1). The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called transcription, and that by which RNA is used to produce proteins is called translation.

Which is the lagging strand?

The lagging strand is the DNA strand replicated in the 3′ to 5′ direction during DNA replication from a template strand. It is synthesized in fragments. The discontinuous replication results in several short segments which are called Okazaki fragments.

Why is accuracy more important for DNA replication than for transcription?

Why is it more important for DNA to be replicated accurately then transcribed accurately? DNA represents the permanent copy of genetic information, whereas RNA is transient. If replication were a conservative process, the original DNA would have two heavy strand and all newly formed DNA would have light strands.

Which of the following does not affect DNA replication?

5. Which of the following does not affect DNA replication? Explanation: The antiparallel nature of DNA and end specificity of polymerase of polymerase leads to two types of strand synthesis, leading and lagging strands. Helicase helps in the unwinding of the DNA helix.

Is DNA always copied perfectly?

DNA replication is not perfect, there occurs error after every 104 to 105 nucleotides added. The integrity of the genome is maintained by the proofreading process of DNA polymerase. DNA polymerase moves one step back and removes the incorrectly paired nucleotides by 3’→5′ exonuclease activity.

Which protein is most important for DNA checkpoint?

Two groups of proteins, called cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), are responsible for the progress of the cell through the various checkpoints.