What happens during transcription?

What happens during transcription?

Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). The newly formed mRNA copies of the gene then serve as blueprints for protein synthesis during the process of translation.

What happens during translation Where does it take place?

Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins.

What are the four steps of transcription?

Transcription involves four steps:

• Initiation. The DNA molecule unwinds and separates to form a small open complex.
• Elongation. RNA polymerase moves along the template strand, synthesising an mRNA molecule.
• Termination. In prokaryotes there are two ways in which transcription is terminated.
• Processing.

Where does the process of transcription initiate?

The initiation of transcription begins at a promoter, a DNA sequence onto which the transcription machinery binds and initiates transcription. The nucleotide pair in the DNA double helix that corresponds to the site from which the first 5′ RNA nucleotide is transcribed is the initiation site.

What are the 5 steps of transcription?

Transcription is the name given to the process in which DNA is copied to make a complementary strand of RNA. RNA then undergoes translation to make proteins. The major steps of transcription are initiation, promoter clearance, elongation, and termination.

What is the first step in transcription?

The first step of transcription is called pre-initiation. RNA polymerase and cofactors (general transcription factors) bind to DNA and unwind it, creating an initiation bubble. This space grants RNA polymerase access to a single strand of the DNA molecule.

What are the three stages of transcription?

Stages of Transcription. The process of transcription can be broadly categorised into 3 main stages: initiation, elongation & termination.